District|Tamil Nadu|Mettur Reservoir to Noyyal confluence sub-basin
Tiruchirappalli district
66% of the irrigated farmland is watered from wells (Season and Crop Report 2024-25), 4 of 11 taluks already draw more groundwater than recharges, and 94.0% of households are recorded with a tap, with the gap sitting in the blocks without canal water, Vaiyampatty and Marungapuri.
Read as of 2026-08-31, from 404 Gram Panchayats in 14 blocks, 399 of them with a brief that cleared the evidence floor.
90,283 ha net irrigated: canals 30.4%, tanks 3.4%, tube and bore wells 15.6%, open wells 50.6%, other sources 0%.
District stage of extraction 84.7%, assessed semi-critical. Assessed per revenue taluk, not per block or Panchayat.
4,83,496 connections against 5,14,232 households in 399 Panchayats.
What would sharpen this reading
- Live Mettur storage (the tnsmart daily reservoir feed), not wired yet.
- A measured groundwater level series for the taluks in deficit, so the assessment can be read against observation.
- Where the next connections in Vaiyampatty, Marungapuri and Manapparai would draw from, before the tap gap closes on the same aquifer.
- The District Environment Plan water balance (NGT template), not yet on file.
What the district runs on
Irrigation from the district tables of the Season and Crop Report 2024-25, with the Census 2011 village pattern beneath it as the block-level baseline; drinking water from the sources JJM records today. A Panchayat without a measure lowers that measure’s denominator rather than counting as a zero.
- Canals30.4%(27,445 ha)
- Tanks3.4%(3,079 ha)
- Tube and bore wells15.6%(14,066 ha)
- Open wells50.6%(45,694 ha)
- Other sources0.0%(0 ha)
Season and Crop Report 2024-25, Table III-B, the district total: gross 1,10,666 ha with 20,382 ha irrigated more than once (intensity 1.23).
- Canals34.3%(26,666 ha)
- Wells60.4%(46,957 ha)
- Tanks5.3%(4,120 ha)
- Other sources0.0%(0 ha)
Census 2011 village tables, covering 302 of 404 Panchayats with a land record. Kept beneath the current reading because it is the only served source with a block gradient.
- Ground Water99.4%(7,031)
- Surface Water0.4%(31)
- Rain Water0.1%(7)
- Others0.0%(3)
- Bulk water (from MVS)0.0%(1)
JJM, read 2026-07-24. Commonest source types: Deep Tubewell (5,774), Open Well (532), Infiltration well (470), Shallow Tubewell (231).
99.4% of the 7,073 drinking-water sources JJM records here draw on groundwater (5,774 of them deep tubewells), against 31 on surface water.
The Mettur dependence
Canal water reaches 34.3% of irrigated farmland, concentrated in Thiruverambur, Andhanallur and Lalgudi, so the Mettur release decides the season there and the aquifer decides it everywhere else.
Groundwater by taluk
IN-GRES assesses revenue taluks, not blocks or Panchayats. These are the units the district is actually assessed in, and the headroom reading is written from them.
IN-GRES 2024-2025 puts total groundwater availability across the 11 taluks at 64,243 ham a year, 22,600 ham of it rainfall recharge, with 23,562 ham (36.7%) left for future use. Of the 11 taluks, 4 over-exploited, 2 semi-critical and 5 safe. The district as a whole is assessed semi-critical at 84.7% of extraction. Headroom sits mostly in Lalgudi (8,760 ham) and is thinnest in Thiruchirapalli-East (218 ham).
| Taluk | Stage of extraction | Category | Rainfall recharge (ham) | Total availability (ham) | Left for future use (ham) | Rainfall (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manapparai | 143.0% | over-exploited | 3,177 | 6,540 | 701 | 826 |
| Musiri | 131.5% | over-exploited | 2,747 | 8,062 | 1,686 | 624 |
| Thuraiyur | 127.4% | over-exploited | 2,563 | 8,929 | 1,647 | 755 |
| Marungapuri | 119.6% | over-exploited | 2,151 | 4,318 | 708 | 733 |
| Mannachanallur | 88.2% | semi-critical | 2,421 | 4,206 | 886 | 718 |
| Thottiam | 72.9% | semi-critical | 1,283 | 5,116 | 1,427 | 671 |
| Srirangam | 58.2% | safe | 1,743 | 6,407 | 3,096 | 813 |
| Lalgudi | 41.2% | safe | 4,845 | 15,362 | 8,760 | 822 |
| Thiruchirapalli-East | 36.3% | safe | 216 | 397 | 218 | 801 |
| Thiruchirapalli-West | 16.9% | safe | 248 | 713 | 536 | 801 |
| Thiruverumbur | 3.8% | safe | 1,207 | 4,191 | 3,897 | 811 |
IN-GRES 2024-2025. The stage of extraction is annual draft as a share of total availability; above 100 percent, more is drawn each year than the taluk is assessed to have. Rainfall recharge is one component of that availability. The year is the hydrological-year label, not an edition date. 403 of 404 Panchayats inherit their containing taluk's category by spatial intersection, as containing-area context rather than a measurement of the place; 1 is deferred rather than guessed.
Blocks compared
The same measures per block. Where a district average hides a gradient, this is where it shows, and the findings are written before the table rather than left for the reader to find.
Canal share runs from 99.0% in Thiruverambur to 0.0% in Manapparai, Marungapuri, Thanthaiyangarpet and Vaiyampatty; wells fill the difference, 99.7% of irrigated farmland at the bottom of the gradient against 1.0% at the top.
The tap gap sits on the blocks without canal water: Vaiyampatty (47.0% of households, 0.0% canal), Marungapuri (65.9% of households, 0.0% canal) and Manapparai (97.0% of households, 0.0% canal). Every block with canal water records 99.6% or more. Each of these blocks sits mostly in a taluk assessed over-exploited or critical, so closing the gap draws on a source already in deficit.
7 of 14 blocks report exactly 100.0% of households with a tap. A figure that exact across 5,14,232 households is a reporting convention, connections entered equal to households, and is read here as reported complete rather than measured.
| Drinking water, JJM | Farmland irrigation, Census 2011 | Groundwater, IN-GRES | Water bodies, TNGIS | Water-quality testing, JJM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Block | Panchayats | Households with a tap | Irrigated area | from canals | from wells | from tanks | Taluk category, projected | Mapped | Untested 90+ d | Longest since tested |
| Andhanallur | 25 | 100.0% | 4,719 ha | 90.3% | 9.7% | 0.0% | safe(25 of 25) | 45 | 0 | 37 d |
| Lalgudi | 45 | 100.0% | 7,667 ha | 88.5% | 11.5% | 0.0% | safe(45 of 45) | 86 | 0 | 27 d |
| Manachanallur | 35 | 99.6% | 3,949 ha | 33.2% | 65.9% | 0.8% | semi-critical(35 of 35) | 228 | 0 | 55 d |
| Manapparai | 21 | 97.0% | 3,614 ha | 0.0% | 87.8% | 12.2% | over-exploited(21 of 21) | 434 | 0 | 77 d |
| Manikandam | 22 | 100.0% | 3,780 ha | 85.4% | 14.2% | 0.4% | safe(22 of 22) | 328 | 0 | 42 d |
| Marungapuri | 49 | 65.9% | 8,011 ha | 0.0% | 87.8% | 12.2% | over-exploited(48 of 49) | 1,051 | 0 | 56 d |
| Musiri | 33 | 100.0% | 5,615 ha | 20.5% | 69.1% | 10.4% | over-exploited(33 of 33) | 166 | 0 | 72 d |
| Pullampady | 33 | 100.0% | 5,453 ha | 54.2% | 38.8% | 7.0% | safe(33 of 33) | 594 | 0 | 20 d |
| Thanthaiyangarpet | 25 | 100.0% | 3,141 ha | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% | over-exploited(25 of 25) | 101 | 1 | 117 d |
| Thiruverambur | 20 | 100.0% | 3,095 ha | 99.0% | 1.0% | 0.0% | safe(20 of 20) | 259 | 0 | 26 d |
| Thottiam | 26 | 99.8% | 5,961 ha | 44.8% | 52.1% | 3.1% | semi-critical(26 of 26) | 80 | 0 | 26 d |
| Thuraiyur | 34 | 99.9% | 8,561 ha | 1.8% | 96.6% | 1.6% | over-exploited(34 of 34) | 197 | 0 | 41 d |
| Uppiliyapuram | 18 | 99.9% | 9,835 ha | 11.3% | 75.2% | 13.4% | over-exploited(18 of 18) | 43 | 0 | 45 d |
| Vaiyampatty | 18 | 47.0% | 4,341 ha | 0.0% | 99.7% | 0.3% | over-exploited(18 of 18) | 228 | 0 | 24 d |
Canal, well and tank figures are shares of the irrigated farmland beside them, not of households and not of drinking water. They come from Census 2011 (Census 2011 release; village reference year 2009) and cover only the 302 Panchayats with a Census land record, so a block with few such records shows a share of a small area. Tap and testing figures are JJM and current at the read date. The taluk category is the one most of the block’s Panchayats inherit by projection, since blocks and revenue taluks do not nest. Untested counts Panchayats whose most recent water-quality sample is more than 90 days before 2026-08-31; ninety days is the Atlas’s own threshold for calling a series stale, not a statutory testing interval.
Water bodies
The TNGIS all-water-bodies register, joined to each Panchayat by the register's own LGD code rather than by a name match.
In 341 Panchayats; 63 have none in the register. Registered by AED, DOSS, NRSC, TNRD, WRD. Waterspread is the mapped extent, not storage: it says nothing about whether these hold water through the year or when any one of them was last surveyed. Read 2026-07-26.
District Environment Plan water balance
Every district files an Environment Plan on the NGT template, with a water balance in it. When the plan for this district is found, its balance is read here.
Find a Gram Panchayat
Every one of the 404 LGD-coded Gram Panchayats is listed. A place shows a water profile only where its evidence cleared the floor (identity, population and drinking-water service established); the rest are directory records, kept so they can be found and reviewed.
404 Gram Panchayats. 399 water profile, 5 directory record.
| Gram Panchayat | Block | LGD code | Brief |
|---|---|---|---|
| 94. Kariyamanickam | Manachanallur | 230151 | Water profile |
| A. Pudupatti | Marungapuri | 230230 | Water profile |
| A.Poruvai | Marungapuri | 230229 | Water profile |
| Abinimangalam | Musiri | 230278 | Water profile |
| Adaikkampatti | Marungapuri | 230231 | Water profile |
| Adavathur | Manikandam | 230207 | Water profile |
| Adhanur | Thuraiyur | 230415 | Water profile |
| Agalanganallur | Lalgudi | 230106 | Water profile |
| Alagapuri | Uppiliyapuram | 230449 | Water profile |
| Alagarai | Thottiam | 230389 | Water profile |
| Alagiyamanavalam | Manachanallur | 230152 | Water profile |
| Alambadi | Pullampady | 230311 | Water profile |
| Alambakkam | Pullampady | 230312 | Water profile |
| Alampatti | Marungapuri | 230232 | Water profile |
| Alangudi Mahajanam | Lalgudi | 230107 | Water profile |
| Alathudaiyanpatti | Uppiliyapuram | 230450 | Water profile |
| Allithurai | Manikandam | 230208 | Water profile |
| Allur | Andhanallur | 230081 | Water profile |
| Alundur | Manikandam | 230209 | Water profile |
| Amanakkampatti | Marungapuri | 230233 | Water profile |
| Amayapuram | Vaiyampatty | 230468 | Water profile |
| Amma Chathiram | Marungapuri | 230234 | Water profile |
| Ammapatty | Thuraiyur | 230416 | Water profile |
| Ammapettai | Manikandam | 230210 | Water profile |
| Amoor | Musiri | 230279 | Water profile |
| Andhanallur | Andhanallur | 230082 | Water profile |
| Angarai | Lalgudi | 230108 | Water profile |
| Aniyappur | Vaiyampatty | 230469 | Water profile |
| Anjalam | Thanthaiyangarpet | 230344 | Water profile |
| Ankiyam | Uppiliyapuram | 230451 | Water profile |
| Appadurai | Lalgudi | 230109 | Water profile |
| Appananallur | Thottiam | 230390 | Water profile |
| Araichi | Thanthaiyangarpet | 230345 | Water profile |
| Arangoor | Thottiam | 230391 | Water profile |
| Arasalur | Thottiam | 230392 | Water profile |
| Arasangudi | Thiruverambur | 230369 | Water profile |
| Ariyavur | Manikandam | 230211 | Water profile |
| Ariyur | Lalgudi | 230110 | Water profile |
| Asoor | Thiruverambur | 230370 | Water profile |
| Athikaram | Marungapuri | 230235 | Water profile |
The district on a map
Every Panchayat with a mapped boundary is plotted from the centre of its own TNGIS polygon, not from a hand-entered coordinate. The marker is the Panchayat, not a settlement.
404 of 404 Panchayats have a mapped boundary. The polygons themselves are withheld pending the TNGIS licence reply.
How current these figures are
Not everything on this page is from the same year, and the gap is large. What each figure describes is listed separately from when the Atlas last read it, straight from each artifact's own record.
| Figures | Describes | Last read | Produced | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panchayat list and codes | 2021-03-11 (PDF CreationDate) | 2026-07-24 | 2026-07-24 | TNRD LGD directory, cross-checked against the current TNRD master on the retrieval date. |
| Drinking-water service, sources, testing | current at 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | Jal Jeevan Mission citizen corner: habitations, tap connections, sources, sample rows. |
| Irrigation by source, district | Season and Crop Report 2024-25 | 2026-09-01 | 2026-09-01 | DES Season and Crop Report Table III-B: net area irrigated per source at district grain. The block gradient below stays Census 2011 until a taluk-grain source is wired. |
| Land, irrigation and seasonal sources | Census 2011 release; village reference year 2009 | 2026-07-25 | 2026-07-25 | Census 2011 village tables, the newest village-level irrigation enumeration served here. The Season and Crop Report district mix above is the current reading; the 2017-18 Minor Irrigation Census (wells and tanks by village) is not wired yet. |
| Groundwater assessment | 2024-2025 | 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | IN-GRES, assessed per revenue taluk. The year is the hydrological-year label. |
| Groundwater projected to Panchayats | 2024-2025 | 2026-07-25 | 2026-07-25 | Each Panchayat inherits its containing taluk's category by spatial intersection. |
| Rainfall | 2026-08-01 to 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | Open-Meteo reanalysis at a grid point inside each Panchayat, not a gauge. |
| Water bodies | as mapped; the register carries no survey date | 2026-07-26 | 2026-07-26 | TNGIS all-water-bodies register, counts and areas only. |
| Panchayat briefs | 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | 2026-08-31 | Generated from the families above; a place without identity, population and service stays directory-only. |
The land, irrigation and seasonal-source figures are the oldest thing here by a wide margin. India’s 2021 census did not take place, so Census 2011 remains the most recent village-level enumeration and there is no newer source of the same granularity to replace it with. Those figures are kept under capabilities named historical, and the current-crop capability is left empty rather than answered with a 2009 number.